Gallimimus

"They're flocking this way."

- Tim Murphy

Gallimimus  was a speedy theropod, the largest of its type. They were called chicken mimics because they probably moved like modern flightless birds. Unlike other theropods, Gallimimus had no teeth. In fact, it had a very small head. This was probably one of the fastest dinosaurs, with speed like a modern, it could probably run up to 60 mph.

With its small, toothless head, it is believed that Gallimimus probably had a diet of insects, small animals, eggs, and maybe even some plants. They had very long fingers and long arms, which they could use for digging or grabbing eggs. They had a much longer neck that any other theropod dinosaur. In Jurassic Park they were shown as a large flock, but we don't know if that was real or movie behavior.

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Creation
Gallimimus was successfully recreated by InGen in the lab on Isla Sorna where they were parented and fed in captivity on the island. The cloned Gallimimus moved in flocks and had a color scheme that varied depending on an individual's age and gender.

Like all of InGen's cloned theropods, Gallimimus had pronated hands. Because of a created from the mutation and manipulation of its genes as well as the addition of frog, reptile, and bird DNA, the cloned Gallimimus lacked feathers.

The males were occasionally a bright orange and darkened patterns of red and orange from head to tail, the females were duller in color from most of the body having a peachy color along with three shades of brown (beige, sand, tan), need least to say about their neck and head which were purplish with dark purple stripes over with a streamline of orange leading up to the head which ended off with a bright yellow. Unlike the adults, the juveniles have a color scheme based on much like that of fawn. They have a mossy green almost translucent color to their bodies and have a diverse number of spots on over them.

Once a Gallimimus was a few months old, it would then be transported to the island Isla Nublar to live in the Gallimimus Enclosure of Jurassic Park.

Isla Nublar Incident (1993)
When Dennis Nedry disabled Jurassic Park's electric fences, Gallimius was free to roam the island like most of the dinosaurs in the park.

On the second day of the Isla Nublar Incident, Dr. Alan Grant and the Murphy children witnessed a Gallimimus flock in its enclosure fleeing from Jurassic Park's Tyrannosaurus rex, Rexy. The T. rex managed to kill one unlucky individual who tripped on another Gallimimus when the flock was running for safety. This individual's remains would remain on the island for over a decade and was still there in the same location as it died in 2002.

It is unknown what happened to the Gallimimus populations on Isla Nublar after the incident.

Wild on Isla Sorna
When Hurricane Clarissa struck Isla Sorna, the InGen personnel left the island. The bird-like dinosaurs were either set free by the workers or broke out on their own because the storm had damaged the fences. Gallimimus roamed freely across the island.

The theropods had to learn to live in the wild. Since they no longer received lysine supplements in their food, they started to eat lysine rich foods.

They were known to have resided in the southeast of Isla Sorna coexisting with other herbivores Mamenchisaurus, Parasaurolophus, and Pachycephalosaurus. Galimimus also made up a good portion of the fauna of that region.

Isla Sorna Incident (1997)
During the Isla Sorna Incident of 1997 two adult Gallimimus was captured by the InGen Hunters for Peter Ludlow's Jurassic Park San Diego, but was freed the following night by Nick Van Owen and the Gatherers along with the rest of the dinosaurs held captive by the hunters.

Jurassic World
Gallimimus was one of the many dinosaurs that lived in Masrani Global Corporation's dinosaur park, Jurassic World. They retained many characteristics of the previous clones albeit being a foot taller and having teeth which is inaccurate to the real animal. The theropods lived in the self-titled Gallimimus Valley. Some of the juveniles also lived in the Gentle Giants Petting Zoo.

Jurassic World: Fallen Kingdom
A teaser for the upcoming sequel reveals that some Gallimimus have managed to survived the incident, but they and the other dinosaurs will now face a new danger in the form of an impending volcanic eruption.

Gallery

 * -|Novels=

The Lost World
In The Lost World, Gallimimus is indirectly referenced, proving that it exists on Isla Sorna in the novel universe. Its name (Gallimimus bullatus) is printed all over a document addressed to Dr. Henry Wu, among the dozens spread all over the abandoned InGen compound.
 * -|Games=

Jurassic Park (SNES game)
Multiple herds of Gallimimus appears in the SNES game Jurassic Park. They can be killed by the player. The dinosaurs won't attack the avatar directly. They move in the following cycle. The animals stand still in a row for some time. Then they simultaneously run to the other side of the field. On the other side, they will wait in formation until they run back. If the player happens to be in the Gallimimus' path, it loses HP.

Jurassic Park: Rampage Edition
Dr. Grant can mount a Gallimimus during the "Savannah" level in Jurassic Park: Rampage Edition.

Jurassic Park (arcade game)
Gallimimus is encountered in the Jurassic Park arcade game.

The Lost World: Jurassic Park (arcade game)
Herds of Gallimimus are encountered in the The Lost World: Jurassic Park arcade game.

Jurassic Park: Trespasser
An unused quote from Jurassic Park: Trespasser has Hammond state that Gallimimus thrived as the fasted dinosaur on Isla Sorna, assuming they would make an appearance in the game; however, this idea was scrapped.

Jurassic Park III: Island Attack
Gallimimus appears in Jurassic Park III: Island Attack.

Jurassic Park III: The DNA Factor
Gallimimus appears in the game Jurassic Park III: The DNA Factor.

Jurassic Park III: Park Builder
It is one of the Carnivore Ones that can be created in Jurassic Park III: Park Builder.

Jurassic Park: Dinosaur Battles
It is a weak opponent in Jurassic Park: Dinosaur Battles that can be defeated with any dinosaur.

Jurassic Park: Explorer
Gallimimus is featured in the DVD game Jurassic Park: Explorer.

Jurassic Park: Operation Genesis
see Gallimimus/Operation Genesis

In the video game Jurassic Park: Operation Genesis, Gallimimus is a three-star herbivore from the Flaming Cliffs formation along with the Velociraptor and the Homalocephale, much like the real world. It is inaccurately depicted as a herbivore, when it, in both real life and Jurassic Park, is an omnivore. This is possibly due to their limitations that resemble a herbivore. Gallimimus can coexist with Dryosaurus and other herbivores and appears to be one of the hardest herbivores to catch by most carnivore dinosaurs. It appeared in the game's demo as well. The lifestyle of the Gallimimus in this game much more disorganized than in films where the Gallimimus are thought to evade live in flocks. Though much of this is true in the game the Gallis tend to separate from the herd and end up getting lost. When in a herd the Gallis frequently run on a natural basis, but when isolated from a herd they always stop running and normally walk.

Jurassic Park: Builder
see Gallimimus/Builder

Gallimimus is one of the available dinosaurs on the IOS application, Jurassic Park: Builder. Much like Jurassic Park: Operation Genesis, it is inaccurately depicted as a herbivore, when it, in both real life and Jurassic Park, is an omnivore. This is also possibly due to their limitations that resemble a herbivore and sharing the Dryosaurus model and animation.

LEGO Jurassic World
Gallimius appears in the Jurassic Park and Jurassic World sections of the video game LEGO Jurassic World.

Jurassic World: The Game
see Gallimimus/JW: TG

Gallimimus is one of the available dinosaurs on the IOS application, Jurassic World: The Game. Much like Jurassic Park: Operation Genesis and Jurassic Park: Builder, it is inaccurately depicted as a herbivore, when it, in both real life and Jurassic Park, is an omnivore. This is also possibly due to their limitations that resemble a herbivore.


 * -|Toys=

Jurassic Park Series 2
Two Gallimimus appear in the Jurassic Park Series 2 toy line. One is a hatchling that is included with the Ian Malcolm figure and the other is an adult. The adult is one of the rarest and most expensive figures in the toy line.

Die-Cast: Jurassic Park
Gallimimus appears in the Die-Cast: Jurassic Park toy line packaged with Pteranodon.

LEGO Jurassic World
A Gallimimus figure is included in the LEGO Jurassic World set 30320 Gallimius Trap, which is a pre-order bonus for the LEGO Jurassic World video game. Because it reuses the Coelophysis mold from LEGO's previous Dino toy line, the figure has a mouth full of teeth with two pairs of buck teeth at the front of the mouth, much like a. This makes this toy one of the most inaccurate depictions of Gallimius in the Jurassic Park franchise.

Behind the scenes
The Gallimimus stampede featured in the first film was envisioned very early in its development by Steven Spielberg. The scene itself appears is an adaptation of a similar event in the chapter "Dawn" of the first novel which featured Grant and the Murphys witnessing the adult T. rex chase a herd of Hadrosaurus. Phil Tippett proposed that the Hadrosaurus herd be replaced by that of Gallimimus because they "could reach a higher speed" and this proposal later became final. When designing the Gallimimus for, conceptual artist Mark "Crash" McCreery used the modern as the main source of reference in its design. Director Steven Spielberg wanted the Gallimimus to be bird-like as well as wanting its color scheme to be like that of a colorful bird. Paul Mejias sculpted the maquette from McCreery's concept art and finished sculpting it in March of 1992. This maquette would be used by ILM for both the adults and juveniles of the herd seen in the film. When creating the legs of the sculpture, Paul used reference photos of feet. Steven Spielberg picked a color scheme out of several coloration designs created by various crewmembers of Stan Winston Studios. The design selected was different than that seen in the final film. The painted maquette was a dark brown with dark blue striping instead of bright earth orange and white like that seen in film's Gallimimus. Tests of a computer-generated of a Gallimimus herd and a Tyrannosaurus created by Industrial Light and Magic was what convinced Spielberg to replace the dinosaurs that were planned to be used in for wide shots of said creatures solely with CGI. Though Phil Tippett had added a motion blur to the stop motion dinosaurs that was absent from previous films that featured go motion creatures, such as 1963's , but Speilberg felt that the movements of the dinosaurs were still jerky. Dennis Muren then suggested to Speilberg that ILM create computer generated full-sized dinosaurs. Interested, Speilberg requested a test be made featuring CGI dinosaurs. In the first of a series of tests, ILM created a herd of Gallimimus running through a still photograph of Hawaii. Steven was impressed by the how smooth the Gallimimus moved as well as how authentic the rendering was, but he was not fully convinced to use CGI for the dinosaurs until ILM made more tests featuring a fully fleshed T. rex and said T. rex chasing a herd of fully fleshed Gallimimus.

The flocking scene was filmed at on the Hawaiian island of  due to Hurricane Iniki canceling further filming on Kauai. It was to be the last scene to be filmed in Kuai before the hurricane occurred. The Gallimimus herd in Jurassic Park were the next dinosaurs that ILM created after the Brachiosaurus during post production. The ostrich was used as an animation reference for the Gallies by ILM. Another reference for animating the herd, particularly when they jumped over the fallen tree, was simply personnel for the movie running and jumping over a scale version of the fallen tree while being filmed. During the filming of this reference footage, TyRuben Ellingson—who created the storyboard for the flocking scene and participated in the shooting of the footage—accidently tripped over the scale log and broke the elbow of his drawing arm, an injury that required him to have surgery. When Phil Tippit heard of Ellingson's accident, he said "Well, then one of the Gallis is going to need to take a fall. If it happened to Ty, it would have likely have happened in the wild." Because of this, the animators included a Gallimimus that trips on the fallen tree and falls to the ground before regaining balance during the flocking sequence. The color scheme of the adult Gallis was changed by ILM to more bright earth orange and white. The creator of the Gallimimus maquette Paul Mejias personally preferred the color the digital artists chose. The Gallimimus was the only dinosaur in the first film that was never physically on set but was instead entirely CGI.

The sounds made by the Gallis in the first film drew from various sources. The sound of the stampeding flock was created from actual, yet smaller, stampedes of cattle and horses. The Gallimimus squeals came from a female horse while the sound that the Tyrannosaurus makes when she shakes the Gallimimus that she promptly kills was simply Gary Rydstrom's dog playing with a rope toy.

In its appearance in, the Gallimimus model from the previous film was updated for the sequel.

In the original storyboards of the second film's official ending, the other dinosaurs of Isla Sorna, but the ostrich-like dinosaur was cut from the final production.

It's very odd that on the website, Gallimimus have teeth in the model when in the movie, there is no real sign of teeth and the website itself says they have no teeth.

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Gallimimus Галлимим